But, this argument simply doesn’t hold.  First, it is by no means evident that early Christians believed Jesus would necessarily return in their own lifetime.  Schweitzer’s views have been largely rejected–and rightly so.  But, let’s imagine, for the sake of argument, that Christians did have this apocalyptic mentality.  Does that mean they would have resisted the composition of new books, focusing instead on only oral methods of delivery?

One of the most-oft repeated ideas about the earliest Christians is that they believed that the Kingdom of God would come (apocalyptically) within their own lifetime.  In fact Schweitzer famously argued that Jesus himself thought the world would end in his own lifetime; of course the world didn’t end and Jesus died disillusioned on the cross saying, “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?” (Mark 15:34).

In recent years, some have suggested that this belief in early Christianity would even have affected the development of the canon.   If Christians thought the world would end in their own lifetime, then, it is argued, they would not have been interested in composing new scriptural books.  Thus, the idea of a canon must be a later ecclesiastical development.

But, this argument simply doesn’t hold.  First, it is by no means evident that early Christians believed Jesus would necessarily return in their own lifetime.  Schweitzer’s views have been largely rejected–and rightly so.  But, let’s imagine, for the sake of argument, that Christians did have this apocalyptic mentality.  Does that mean they would have resisted the composition of new books, focusing instead on only oral methods of delivery?

There appears to be little reason to think so.  Ironically, Paul is put forth as one who believed that Jesus would return in his own lifetime (as supposedly indicated by texts like 1 Thess 4:15-17), but yet we only know about this belief because Paul wrote it down in a letter!

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