According to George Ellis, one of the world’s leading cosmologists, is that the multiverse hypothesis is itself a metaphysical explanation that cannot be tested. As he writes in “Cosmology: The Untestable Multiverse,” “The multiverse argument is a well-founded philosophical proposal but, as it cannot be tested, it does not belong fully in the scientific fold.” Perhaps that is why an increasing number of scientists and astronomers, like Ellis himself, are concluding that a much more sensible explanation is that a cosmos requires a creator.

When you look into the night sky, the naked eye can only make out 2,500-3,000 stars, five planets and maybe one to three galaxies, and that’s assuming ideal atmospheric conditions and the right location. That has been enough in human history to dazzle us with the immensity and wonder of what we can see.

But 100 years ago, astronomer Edwin P. Hubble (1889-1953), working at the Mount Wilson Observatory in California, made a stunning discovery: He calculated that a spiral nebula called Andromeda was about 860,000 light years away — more than eight times further than the most distant stars in our galaxy. He came to realize that what we thought was a gas or star cluster in the Milky Way was actually another galaxy, and that the Milky Way was just one of many galaxies in the universe.

Hubble announced his discovery on December 30, 1924. We celebrate that anniversary this week. Hubble went on to discover about 24 more galaxies.

Amazing astronomical discoveries followed. We learned that our universe is much older than we thought, and that it is expanding. In 1929, Hubble first measured the expansion rate of the universe. He realized that the farther a galaxy is from us, the faster it appears to be moving away from us. We learned that the universe appears to have had a beginning, an explosion sometimes referred to as “the big bang.”

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